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Many popular eating plans
are "one size fits all". The author believes that they
have found the "perfect" diet - it works for them, so
it will work for everybody. While many of these diets have some
truth to them, what they don't take into consideration is individual
metabolic differences. But there are a number of researchers who
have found that people can respond very differently to the same
regime, and have looked for the reasons why.
Dr George
Watson (in"Nutrition and your mind")
was one of the first to discover that his patients mostly fell into
two distinct groups. Those he called fast oxidisers recovered their
health on a diet high in fat, purines & proteins & low in
carbohydrates, while those he called slow oxidisers were best suited
to a diet high in fruit & salad vegetables and low in fat and
protein. There was also a group he called sub-oxidisers that fell
somewhere in the middle.
Rudolph
Wiley (His original book Biobalance has now been replaced
with "Biobalance2")
carried on with Watson's research. His theory is that people's pH
levels are out of balance and they need a diet that brings them
back to a mid point. So some people need an acidic diet, some need
an alkaline diet and some need a mixture.
James and Peter D'adamo
developed the blood type theory to explain
the differences, and discovered the impact that lectins can have
on health. They found that O blood types have an improvement in
health when they eat some red meat every day, and limit their carbohydrate
intake, especially grains. Whereas A blood types suit a high carbohydrate
diet, low in fat, with soy, light meat and fish being the best protein
sources.
William Kelley ("The
Metabolic Typing Diet" by William Wolcott) discovered
the different diets required by people with autonomic nervous system
imbalances. Those who are parasympathetic dominant require a high
protein diet, while those who are sympathetic dominant require a
high carb diet. In conjunction with his assistant Wolcott, he later
expanded his theory to include other metabolic markers including
rate of oxidation and blood type.
Another book, which is
as yet unpublished, is by Robert McFerran. Bob came from the position
of a chronically ill person with no hope of getting better. He conducted
extensive research which included some of the above works, recent
discoveries on Paleolithic diets and allergy work done by Theron
Raldolph ("An
Alternative Approach to Allergies") &
William Philpott ("Brain
Allergies").
He pulled all of these
into one coherent theory which concludes that due to the period
of time it takes to adapt to new foods, most people are best suited
to a diet based on their ancestry. He breaks the metabolic types
into Hunter-Gatherer (best suited to a diet high in fat and purines
- meat, dark seafood, vegetables, nuts and seeds & a little
fruit, but no grains or dairy), Agriculturist (best suited to light
meat & fish, salad vegetables, fruit, can tolerate some grains
and dairy) and Mixed.
He believes that people also develop food allergies, most commonly
to foods that are incompatible with their metabolic type. When food
allergies are identified and eliminated, and the correct whole food
metabolic diet is eaten, chronic health problems will then
start to resolve. These could include arthritis, chronic fatigue,
liver disease, obesity, cancer, heart disease and many more.
I discovered Bob's work
on Dr Walt Stoll's website, where he has also posted some sections
of his book. With his permission, I have reposted them here.
These extracts are not intended to replace reading Bob's book when
it is published. They will give you an overview of the background
research done, and some information on how to run an elimination
diet, identify your metabolic type and follow the correct diet,
but the book will be more extensive.
To get more information
in the meantime, you can visit Dr
Stoll's website where a lot of correspondence has been archived
between Bob and people who are using his diets. There is as yet
no publication date for his book, which will be called ARTHRITIS
-- Searching for THE TRUTH -- Searching for THE CURE.
Although it is primarily aimed at arthritis sufferers, the principles
apply to anyone who has chronic health problems, or just wants to
have a more vibrant state of health.
In my opinion, metabolic
typing is the best way to find the right diet for maintaining your
best state of health. Both McFerran's & Kelley's metabolic diets
only contain whole foods,
so exclude all sugars, all refined grains and alcohol. They are
not easy to follow for this reason, and require commitment. But
if you are serious about improving your health, especially if you
have a chronic health problem, this is where I would recommend that
you start.
An important note is that
these are metabolic extremes. You could fall anywhere on the continuum
between Hunter-Gatherer/Protein type and Agriculturist/Carbo type.
How extreme your diet needs to be depends on how extreme your metabolism
is. If you are at one of the extreme ends, it is fairly easy to
determine, but if you are somewhere in the middle, it can take some
trial and error to find the right balance.
I have been asked how
to find out what metabolic type you are. Basically, Bob says that
the only way to find out for sure is to try them both, and see which
you feel better on, then fine-tune. But there are some indicators
that give you a good idea of which is most likely.
If you do the
elimination diet, the amount of fish you need gives you a clue.
An Agriculturist will feel pretty good on just the fruit and veges,
with just a bit of fish, whereas a Hunter-Gatherer will need lots
of fish and will still feel hungry. (This is after you've got through
your withdrawal symptoms). Most people who suffer from hypoglycemia
find they are Hunter-Gatherers. Also, if you are an HG, the following
things will probably make you feel terrible, whereas an Agriculturist
can go quite well on them, and often feels energised :
- Having a fruit juice or high sugar
drink on an empty stomach (when I used to start the day with a
freshly squeezed fruit juice, mistakenly believing it would be
good for me - if I didn't follow it up pretty smartly with a full
breakfast, I would get very jittery as my blood sugar went rocketing
about)
- Having coffee on an empty stomach
- Fasting, or going all day without
eating
The
Metabolic Typing Diet has a useful questionaire for helping
to determine your type, and a method for fine tuning your diet.
But it is a very basic questionaire, and can be misleading for Mixed
types. See my review for more details.
For a personal testamonial
from someone who recovered from "incurable" RA using the
appropriate metabolic diet in conjunction with other methods, see
Joseph Hacketts Recovery
from Rheumatoid Arthritis website.
Dr Mercola's protocol
for RA is also of interest. He used to use Dr Brown's RA protocol
and found it worked even better when his diet plan was added. He
now uses a combination of Metabolic
Typing and techniques for resolving the emotional conflicts
which caused the onset. For this he often uses EFT
(Emotional Freedom Technique).
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